baldassarri baronchelli barrat caglioti castellano cattuto complexity dattoli evolutionary_dynamics granular_media granular_media herrmann information_theory innovation_dynamics kreyon language_dynamics loreto mari mukherjee petri pietronero puglisi quantum_optics self_organization servedio statistical_physics techno_social_systems tria zapperi zippers
1997 |
Hallgass, Riccardo; Loreto, Vittorio; Mazzella, Orfeo; Paladin, Giovanni Earthquakes statistics and fractal faults Journal Article PHYSICAL REVIEW E, 56 , pp. 1346–1356, 1997. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tag: earthquakes, hallgass, loreto, mazzella, paladin, self_organization, statistical_physics @article{b, title = {Earthquakes statistics and fractal faults}, author = {Riccardo Hallgass and Vittorio Loreto and Orfeo Mazzella and Giovanni Paladin}, url = {http://pre.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v56/i2/p1346_1, http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=A1997XR16000015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=0c7ff228ccbaaa74236f48834a34396a}, year = {1997}, date = {1997-01-01}, journal = {PHYSICAL REVIEW E}, volume = {56}, pages = {1346--1356}, publisher = {AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC}, abstract = {We introduce a Self-affine Asperity Model (SAM) for the seismicity that mimics the fault friction by means of two fractional Brownian profiles (fBm) that slide one over the other. An earthquake occurs when there is an overlap of the two profiles representing the two fault faces and its energy is assumed proportional to the overlap surface. The SAM exhibits the Gutenberg-Richter law with an exponent $beta$ related to the roughness index of the profiles. Apart from being analytically treatable, the model exhibits a non-trivial clustering in the spatio-temporal distribution of epicenters that strongly resembles the experimentally observed one. A generalized and more realistic version of the model exhibits the Omori scaling for the distribution of the aftershocks. The SAM lies in a different perspective with respect to usual models for seismicity. In this case, in fact, the critical behaviour is not Self-Organized but stems from the fractal geometry of the faults, which, on its turn, is supposed to arise as a consequence of geological processes on very long time scales with respect to the seismic dynamics. The explicit introduction of the fault geometry, as an active element of this complex phenomenology, represents the real novelty of our approach.}, keywords = {earthquakes, hallgass, loreto, mazzella, paladin, self_organization, statistical_physics}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } We introduce a Self-affine Asperity Model (SAM) for the seismicity that mimics the fault friction by means of two fractional Brownian profiles (fBm) that slide one over the other. An earthquake occurs when there is an overlap of the two profiles representing the two fault faces and its energy is assumed proportional to the overlap surface. The SAM exhibits the Gutenberg-Richter law with an exponent $beta$ related to the roughness index of the profiles. Apart from being analytically treatable, the model exhibits a non-trivial clustering in the spatio-temporal distribution of epicenters that strongly resembles the experimentally observed one. A generalized and more realistic version of the model exhibits the Omori scaling for the distribution of the aftershocks. The SAM lies in a different perspective with respect to usual models for seismicity. In this case, in fact, the critical behaviour is not Self-Organized but stems from the fractal geometry of the faults, which, on its turn, is supposed to arise as a consequence of geological processes on very long time scales with respect to the seismic dynamics. The explicit introduction of the fault geometry, as an active element of this complex phenomenology, represents the real novelty of our approach. |
1996 |
Rubeis, Valerio De; Hallgass, Riccardo; Loreto, Vittorio PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 76 , pp. 2599–2602, 1996. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tag: derubeis, earthquakes, halgass, loreto, statistical_physics @article{b, author = {Valerio De Rubeis and Riccardo Hallgass and Vittorio Loreto}, url = {http://prl.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v76/i14/p2599_1, http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=A1996UC77700049&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=0c7ff228ccbaaa74236f48834a34396a}, year = {1996}, date = {1996-01-01}, journal = {PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS}, volume = {76}, pages = {2599--2602}, publisher = {AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC}, abstract = {A model for fault dynamics consisting of two rough and rigid Brownian profiles that slide one over the other is introduced. An earthquake occurs when there is an intersection between the two profiles. The energy released is proportional to the overlap interval. Our model exhibits some specific features which follow from the fractal geometry of the fault: (1) nonuniversality of the exponent of the Gutenberg-Richter law for the magnitude distribution, (2) presence of local stress accumulation before a large seismic event, and (3) nontrivial space-time clustering of the epicenters.}, keywords = {derubeis, earthquakes, halgass, loreto, statistical_physics}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } A model for fault dynamics consisting of two rough and rigid Brownian profiles that slide one over the other is introduced. An earthquake occurs when there is an intersection between the two profiles. The energy released is proportional to the overlap interval. Our model exhibits some specific features which follow from the fractal geometry of the fault: (1) nonuniversality of the exponent of the Gutenberg-Richter law for the magnitude distribution, (2) presence of local stress accumulation before a large seismic event, and (3) nontrivial space-time clustering of the epicenters. |
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